Infinite Tsukuyomi

The Infinite Tsukuyomi is a genjutsu that traps the entire world in an illusion, enslaving them in a dream so that their chakra may be drawn upon.

Overview
To cast a genjutsu of this scale, the user's Rinne Sharingan must be reflected off of the moon. The exact method of achieving this varies from user to user: in the anime Kaguya Ōtsutsuki uses Yomotsu Hirasaka to create a portal to a dimension containing a moon; Obito Uchiha produces the Ten-Tails and transforms it into a construct of the God Tree, which has a Rinne Sharingan within the blooming flower at its top; Madara Uchiha, per his Eye of the Moon Plan, flies into the sky and reflects his own Rinne Sharingan off of the moon.

Once cast, the penetrating light of the Infinite Tsukuyomi shines across the world, bright enough to dispel the night for as long as it is active. All those who fall under its gaze are trapped in the genjutsu, with the Rinnegan's design appearing in their eyes to represent its influence. Victims of the Infinite Tsukuyomi are rendered immobile so long as they are under its effects, allowing them to easily be wrapped by the God Tree's roots using God: Nativity of a World of Trees. Those connected to the tree in this manner are gradually drained of their life energy, personalities and defining features, producing a new chakra fruit and ultimately converting said victims into White Zetsu. The user can also draw upon the chakra of those bound to the tree, causing it to erupt from the ground and enter their own body. In the anime, the technique seemed to need perfecting as Kaguya discovered in her first usage: most of those trapped in Infinite Tsukuyomi such as Haori died after being trapped in the genjutsu instead of being converted into White Zetsu.

Certain individuals are immune to the Infinite Tsukuyomi. The dead, such as those brought back with the Impure World Reincarnation, are impervious to the Infinite Tsukuyomi. White Zetsu, Black Zetsu, and those whose body Black Zetsu coats are also unaffected. A Rinnegan user can block the light of the Infinite Tsukuyomi, saving themselves and those within their range from its control. In fact, Rinnegan users, through combination with the chakra of the nine tailed beasts, are the only ones capable of ending the Infinite Tsukuyomi and releasing those trapped within its dreams. Should these be possessed by two different people, they must form the rat hand seal together in order to release the technique.

Once the Infinite Tsukuyomi is cancelled, the branches, along with any preexisting White Zetsu, wither away and the entrapped people would be freed, assuming they have not already been converted to White Zetsu.

Known Dreams
Those under the influence of the Infinite Tsukuyomi experience dream worlds where their deepest desires are fulfilled. Only a select few of these dreams have been seen:
 * Hinata Hyūga is in a relationship with Naruto Uzumaki. Neji Hyūga is also alive and watching her from afar with Hanabi Hyūga.
 * Kiba Inuzuka is a Hokage, a position he uses to declare a national holiday for dogs. Also, in the anime, all citizens of the village are to have a dog as a pet/partner.
 * Shino Aburame discovers and tames a giant new insect species.
 * Chōji Akimichi has a girlfriend who feeds him and loves him for his appetite.
 * Shikamaru Nara decides to never get married. Asuma Sarutobi and Shikaku Nara are also alive and enjoying their respective families.
 * Ino Yamanaka is fought over by Sasuke Uchiha and Sai. Inoichi Yamanaka is alive and proud of his daughter.
 * Rock Lee wins the love of Sakura Haruno by defeating Naruto and Neji in a fight.
 * Tenten is a member of a completely mature Team Guy. In the anime, everyone she knows have polar-opposite personalities and she is a famed weapons master.
 * Mei Terumī gets married, with the other Kage attending the ceremony. In the anime, Chōjūrō and Ao, who's also alive, attend her marriage.
 * Tsunade lives in a Konoha where none of her loved ones died and none of her friends turned against the village while Dan became the Hokage. Furthermore, in the anime, Konoha's peace and prosperity prompts Jiraiya to write a book about it.
 * Gaara has a happy childhood with his parents, siblings, and uncle and he gets to play with Naruto whenever he wants.
 * In the anime, Yamato becomes the official leader of Team 7 (which includes Sasuke) and is respected throughout Konoha.
 * In the anime, Killer B goes on an adventure with his fellow jinchūriki and their tailed beasts, saving a princess from Akatsuki.
 * In the anime, Karin gets revenge on Zōsui and has Sasuke, who is the Hokage in her dream, smile at her again.
 * In the anime, Sai learned to properly express himself again and the village came to admire his smile.
 * In the anime, Kankurō creates the ultimate puppet, which is a giant transforming robot.
 * In the anime, Temari is respected by her siblings so much, they constantly ask for her advice.

Trivia

 * can also be translated as "dreams", "fantasy", or "visions", which fits the nature of this technique.
 * Black Zetsu revised the Stone Tablet to state that the Infinite Tsukuyomi is the salvation for the Uchiha Clan and the key to world peace, something Madara believed in.
 * In Road to Ninja: Naruto the Movie, Obito casts a on Naruto and Sakura, sending them to a Genjutsu World housed within a crystal ball. As Akatsuki only has seven tailed beasts at the time, the Rinne Sharingan used has only seven tomoe.
 * Hagoromo believed that in the past, Kaguya had utilised her Byakugan in some fashion when casting the Infinite Tsukuyomi.