Board Thread:Episode Discussions/@comment-1251315-20161215125344/@comment-734582-20161216214017

There are two ways out of this:

1: Six Paths power is far more damaging than the chakra cloak can take. Note that Six Paths power allowed Sasuke to harm Madara and his Limbo Clones. This way, Sasuke's blade can cut through chakra cloaks.

2: Sasuke somehow incorporates Preta Path-like abilities into his sword, which nullify any kind of Chakra shroud. (the sword would slice through shrouds like butter).

Either way, it's possible Sasuke's blade is made of the same material as Asuma's weapons and so it retains this power for a while, allowing it to pierce chakra shrouds even Sasuke doesn't hold it.