The Fourth Ninja War

In chapter 467 of Naruto Manga, Madara Uchiha revealed that the Sage of the Six Paths had laid a stone under Konoha that only someone with the Sharingan, the Mangekyo Sharingan and the Rinnegan could read. This tablet told the history of the Sage and his fight with the Ten-Tailed Beast (Jubi). According to Madara, the Sage cast a ninjutsu that combined himself with the Jubi. However, the power of the Jubi was so great that the sage knew, when he died it would be released and would wreak havoc against the world again. On his deathbed the Sage scattered the Jubi around the world as the other Tailed beasts and cast the body of the Jubi into the sky, using the Chibaku Tensei to create the moon around it.

When Madara learnt of the Jubi and its imprisonment, he created a plan, his Eye of the Moon Plan plan, to use the power of the beast. By combining the nine other tailed beasts he would revive the Jubi and become its host. Then, using the power of the beast, he would cast his eye onto the moon and using Genjutsu hold the earth in a spell that would unite the world in his ideals. To this end he demanded from tbe Five Kages that they give him the Eight-Tailed Giant Ox and the Nine-Tailed Demon Fox stating that these were the only ones Akatsuki was unable to capture. When the Kages refused, Madara declared war on the Hidden Villages, thus starting the Fourth Ninja War.