Jutsu

Jutsus are technics that deal with chakra, which is a mixture of the energy in every cell of the body and the spiritual energy gained from exercise and experience.

Just The Basics
There are three types of jutsus: Ninjutsu, Genjutsu, and Taijutsu. There are also kekkei genkai abilities. These arn't jutsu, but an inherited ability that are only possessed by certain clans.

Depeneding on the difficulty or skill necessary to perform a jutsu, they will be ranked differently. There are six different ranks in jutsu: Kekkei genkai and other unique abilities of the users do not have a rank.
 * E-rank: Academy student level
 * D-rank: Genin level
 * C-rank: Chunin level
 * B-rank: Jonin level
 * A-rank: Kage level or Jonin level
 * S-rank: Secret, extreme level

Ninjutsu
List of ninjutsu

Ninjutsu refers to pretty much any technique that uses chakra and allows the user to do something that they otherwise couldn't do. The effects of ninjutsu are quite real. Ninjutsu relies on chakra and most of the time, hand seals(each one represents a different animal in the zodiac)to be effective. The hand seals are put in sequential positions that mold chakra in the necessary manner to perform a jutsu. Additionally, some ninjutsu can be classified as an elemental jutsu, in those cases where a specific element is used. The elements are wind, water, fire, earth, and lightning.

Genjutsu
Genjutsu are techniques that are employed in the same fashion as Ninjutsu, requiring chakra and hand seals. However, the primary difference between the two is that the effect of Genjutsu is illusory, creating chakra imbalances in the victim's brain, causing a disruption in their senses. This is often used to create false images or cause pain from trauma (because the body is led to believe it is in pain, and it feels real), however, there are plenty of other uses depending on the situation. They are not used as often as ninjutsu because they dont physically harm the opposition, but several crafty characters have made themselves well known for their great execution of genjutsu.

Taijutsu
List of Taijutsu

Taijutsu refers to any techniques involving the martial arts or natural human abilities in general. In otherwords, taijutsu is executed by accessing the user's stamina directly, rather then chakra. Meaning the taijutsu is much quicker to use than ninjutsu or genjutsu. In some cases, chakra is used to enhance the techniques. Generally speaking, however, a taijutsu user rarely uses chakra in their attacks.

Kekki Genkai
List of Kekki Genkai

Kekki genkai are abilities passed down genetically in specific clans. Kekkei genkai and their related jutsu can't be taught or copied by others. Kekkei genkai abillities that work via the user's eye are called dojutsu.